Introduction and Overview
Choroidal Melanoma is a malignant intraocular tumor in adults. It develops from pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) within the choroid, the vascular layer between the retina and the sclera. Although rare, it is a serious condition that requires prompt diagnosis and specialist management.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause is not fully understood, but certain factors increase the risk:
- Fair skin and light-coloured eyes
- Increasing age
- Family or personal history of melanoma
- Pre-existing pigmented lesions in the eye (e.g. choroidal naevus)
Symptoms
Many patients experience no symptoms in the early stages, and the condition may be detected during routine eye examinations. When symptoms occur, they may include:
- Blurred or distorted vision
- Flashes of light or floaters
- Partial loss of vision or a shadow in the field of view
- In rare cases, a dark spot visible in the iris
Diagnosis and Treatment of Choroidal Melanoma
Diagnosis
We can determine if you have a choroidal melanoma through performing an eye examination and testing.
This includes examining your eyes, looking into the eye through a dilated pupil, carrying out an ultrasound, and checking the circulation within the choroidal melanoma.
Dr Gittos has extensive knowledge in this condition having worked for many years in various choroidal melanoma clinics in the UK.
Treatment
Treatment depends on tumour size, location, and whether there is evidence of spread. Options may include:
- Radiotherapy plaque brachytherapy or proton beam therapy
- Laser treatment for selected small tumours
- Surgical removal of the eye (enucleation) for large or advanced tumours
The goal is to control the tumour, preserve vision where possible, and reduce the risk of metastasis.
Clinical Disclaimer
The information provided on this page is for general educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Every individual’s condition is unique, and the details presented here may not apply to your personal situation. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider regarding any questions or concerns you have about your health or treatment options. Reliance on this information is solely at your own risk.